Synthetic pob zeb diamond

Mineralogy, qhia peb tias ob qho tib si graphite thiab pob zeb diamond sib koom tib yam tshuaj lom neeg: carbon. Vim lawv cov qauv siv lead ua sib txawv, graphite yog mos, thaum pob zeb diamond yog tawv.

Cia kuv piav ntxiv:

Lub pob zeb diamond tus qauv yog lub ntsej muag-centered cubic kev npaj ua los ntawm tetrahedral, qhov twg txhua tetrahedron lub hauv paus carbon atom yog covalently bonded nyob rau hauv ib tug muaj zog, ncaj qha kev twb kev txuas rau plaub carbon atoms ntawm lub vertices. Vim lub saturable thiab directional xwm ntawm covalent daim ntawv cog lus, cov qauv ua exceptionally robust.

Kom paub meej ntxiv:

Pob zeb diamond lub moj khaum yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm lub ntsej muag-centered cubic lattice uas muaj kev sib txuas ntawm tetrahedra. Nyob rau hauv txhua lub tetrahedron, lub hauv paus carbon atom tsim covalent bonds nrog plaub nyob ib puag ncig carbon atoms ntawm cov ces kaum.

Cov khoom muaj nqis ntawm covalent bonds, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lawv cov saturation thiab directionality, ua rau muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab lub zog ntawm qhov kev npaj no.

Cov qauv siv lead ua ntawm graphite tau pom nyob rau hauv daim duab, qhov twg cov pa roj carbon atoms tau teem rau hauv cov txheej txheem hexagonal, nrog qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov pa roj carbon atoms hauv lub dav hlau me me thiab sib txuas los ntawm covalent bonds, uas muaj zog thiab ruaj khov. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm carbon atoms nyob rau hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg yog loj, bonded los ntawm van der Waals rog, uas ua rau cov mos mos ntawm graphite. Yog li ntawd, graphite kuj yog lub roj nplua nyeem.

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim pob zeb diamond yog los hloov cov txheej txheem hexagonal ntawm graphite rau hauv lub ntsej muag-centered cubic qauv ntawm pob zeb diamond. Synthetic diamonds yog tag nrho cov hloov los ntawm graphite nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm txog 5.6 mus rau 6 GPa ntawm siab thiab kub ntawm txog 1300 degree.